Employer guide

NDA for Employees (UK): What's Enforceable in 2026

What a UK employee NDA can and cannot do, the mandatory whistleblowing and sexual harassment carve-outs (updated for Employment Rights Act 2025), and how confidentiality interacts with non-compete clauses after Tillman v Egon Zehnder.

By Richard Wood, Founder8 min readUpdated 9 June 2026Last reviewed 9 June 2026employmentUK lawenforceabilitywhistleblowing

An employee NDA protects the confidential information a worker is exposed to — but UK law puts firm limits on what it can demand. Get those limits wrong and you do not just lose the offending clause; you can weaken the whole agreement. The Employment Rights Act 2025 added sexual harassment disclosures to the protected category from 6 April 2026.

This is general information, not legal advice

NDASafe is a document preparation service, not a law firm. Our templates are legally reviewed against applicable UK law at the point of release, but every situation is different. Where significant value, unusual risk or a cross-border element is involved, take independent legal advice before you sign.

What an employee NDA can protect

  • Trade secrets, source code, and technical know-how
  • Customer and supplier lists, pricing and margins
  • Business plans, financials and unannounced products

What it can never do

A UK employee NDA cannot prevent a protected disclosure under PIDA 1998, the reporting of a crime, co-operation with the police or a regulator, or — since 6 April 2026 under the Employment Rights Act 2025 — disclosure of sexual harassment. It also cannot prevent a victim from exercising rights under the Victims and Prisoners Act 2024. These carve-outs are mandatory; any clause that ignores them is void.

Confidentiality vs restrictive covenants

Confidentiality is one thing; restricting where someone works next is another. Non-compete and non-solicitation clauses are only enforceable so far as they protect a legitimate business interest and go no wider than reasonable — the test in Tillman v Egon Zehnder. See the NDA vs non-compete guide.

An employee NDA built for UK law — updated June 2026

The NDASafe Employee NDA includes mandatory whistleblowing, sexual harassment (ERA 2025), regulator and victim carve-outs, plus optional IP-assignment and non-solicitation blocks. Updated June 2026. £29, editable Word.

Frequently asked questions

Can an employer make an employee sign an NDA?

Yes. Employers routinely require a confidentiality agreement (or a confidentiality clause in the contract) for staff who handle trade secrets, client data or sensitive plans. It must, however, preserve the employee's statutory rights — it cannot gag whistleblowing, crime reporting, or — since 6 April 2026 — sexual harassment disclosures.

Can an employee NDA stop someone speaking about harassment?

No. Since 6 April 2026, the Employment Rights Act 2025 (section 23) extended the protected-disclosure regime to cover sexual harassment. Any NDA clause purporting to prevent an employee disclosing sexual harassment is void under section 43J of the Employment Rights Act 1996. NDASafe's Employee NDA carries an express sexual harassment carve-out tagged [mandatory].

Is a non-compete part of an NDA?

They are different things, though often bundled. An NDA protects confidential information; a non-compete restricts where someone can work afterwards. Non-competes are only enforceable if reasonable (Tillman v Egon Zehnder [2019] UKSC 32). See our NDA vs non-compete guide.

Templates mentioned in this guide